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The modes of the major scale are very old names used in the Roman Catholic Church in the middle ages. They were used in Gregorian chant and pre-date chords and 3rds based harmony.
I find it easiest to think & visualize them this way:
Ionian mode = 1 2 34 5 6 71 (= Major Scale)
Dorian mode = 2 34 5 6 71 2
Phrygian mode = 34 5 6 71 2 3
Lydian mode = 4 5 6 71 2 34
Mixolydian mode = 5 6 71 2 34 5
Aeolian mode = 6 71 2 34 5 6 (= Natural Minor Scale)
Locrian mode = 71 2 34 5 6 7
note 34 and 71 are always 1 fret apart, all the others are 2 frets apart
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